The Young Disability Questionnaire – spine (9-12 years)
General
The Young Disability Questionnaire – spine (YDQ-spine 9-12) is an instrument which measures the consequences of spinal pain in children and adolenscents aged 9-12.
User guide
The YDQ-spine 9-12 user guide contain general information about the development and structure of the questionnaire and scoring instructions.
- YDQ-spine 9-12 user guide →
(updated 23-02-2024)
Terms and conditions
Licence
The YDQ-spine (9-12) questionnaire may be used free of charge for non-commercial clinical or scientific purposes, provided it is applied as described in the original development and validation article and the user guide. The instruments may not be modified, edited, shortened, expanded, translated, or otherwise altered without prior written permission from the copyright holder, and all uses must cite the original publication(s) appropriately.
Definition of commercial use
Any use that is primarily intended for, or results in, direct or indirect financial gain or competitive advantage. Examples include:
- Incorporating the questionnaire into software, apps, books, courses, devices or other products that are sold, licensed or subscription-based.
- Use by private clinics or other health-care providers when administration of the questionnaire is billed to patients, insurers or sponsors.
- Use by contract research organisations, pharmaceutical or med-tech companies, or other for-profit entities in sponsored studies, product development or marketing.
- Redistribution, translation, adaptation or modification of the questionnaire for sale or licensing.
Permitted non-commercial use (illustrative)
- Publicly funded or grant-funded academic research.
- Routine outcome monitoring in publicly financed health care where no separate fee is charged for the questionnaire.
- Teaching and training in universities or other non-profit educational settings.
For any intended commercial use, or if in doubt, please contact the copyright holder to obtain a commercial licence.
Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the YDQ-spine 9-12
If you wish to translate and cross-culturally adapt the YDQ-spine 9-12 into another language, please send a request to Henrik Hein Lauridsen on e-mail: hlauridsen@health.sdu.dk. Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the YDQ-spine 9-12 uses the English version (see below) and must follow the guidelines outlined by Beaton et al. → abstract. We strongly recommend that you also carry out a validation study to confirm the validity (e.g. factor structure) and reliability of the translated version and publish it.
The following templates have to be filled out during the translation process:
- YSQ-spine 9-12 forward translation →
- YSQ-spine 9-12 forward translation – synthesis →
- YSQ-spine 9-12 backward translation →
- YSQ-spine 9-12 backward translation – synthesis →
When translation and cross-cultural adaptation has been completed, we ask that all the documentation and the final translated version are forwarded to Henrik Hein Lauridsen.
We collect and publish all translated versions of the YDQ-spine 9-12 on this website to avoid multiple translations of the questionnaire in a specific language.
Danish version →
This is the Danish version of the YDQ-spine 9-12. It is developed in Danish and tested on children in the 4.-6. grade.
Lauridsen HH et al. Development of the Young Disability Questionnaire (spine) for children with spinal pain: field testing in Danish school children. 2023; 13(5) → full article
English version →
This is the English version of the YDQ-spine 9-12. It has been translated and cross-culturally adapted into English using the first 3 phases of the method described by Beaton et al. (2000).
Lauridsen HH et al. Development of the Young Disability Questionnaire (spine) for children with spinal pain: field testing in Danish school children. 2023; 13(5) → full article
Hungarian version → under development
Permission to translate and cross-culturally adapt the YDQ-spine 9-12 into Hungarian has been given on 13-06-2023 to Nikolett Tumpek from the University of Pécs in Hungary (e-mail: tumpek.nikolett@pte.hu). It will be translated and cross-culturally adapted using the Beaton et al. (2000) method followed by a validation study.
Turkish version → under development
Permission to translate and cross-culturally adapt the YDQ-spine 9-12 into Turkish has been given on 18-12-2023 to Professor M. Atif Erol Aksekili (atifaksekili@yahoo.com), Department of Orthopaedics, Spine Surgery. Atılım University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara. It will be translated and cross-culturally adapted using the Beaton et al. (2000) method followed by a validation study.
French version → under development
Permission to translate and cross-culturally adapt the YDQ-spine 9-12 into French has been given on 07-01-2025 to Dr. Aren Joe Bizdikian (aren-joe.bizdikian@etu.u-paris.fr), Hôpital Robert-Debré, Paris. It will be translated and cross-culturally adapted using the Beaton et al. (2000) method followed by a validation study.
Revision history
The original Danish YDQ 9-12 and some of the translated versions have been updated or changed to improve the psychometric properties. All revisions are shown in the table below.
English version |
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| Date | Original questionnaire wording and reason for changes | Change/new wording |
| 23-02-2024 | The question stem for the last 4 questions has been updated for better understanding. This has been tested in slightly older children and seems to work better than the old formulation. The new wording needs to be tested in children aged 9-12 in the future.
Furthermore, the anchors of the 11-point box scale have been changed to match the new wording of the question stem. Original question stem wording: The worst thing about having pain in my neck, middle back or lower back is… Original anchor wording:
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New question stem wording:
We want to know what matters most to you when you are in pain. New anchor wording:
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Danish version |
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| Dato | Original formulering og begrundelse for ændring | Ændring/ny formulering |
| 23-02-2024 | Spørgsmålsstammen til de 4 sidste spørgsmål er blevet opdateret så børnene bedre forstår spørgsmålet. Den nye formulering er testet i lidt ældre børn og virker forståelsesmæssigt bedre end den gamle formulering. I fremtiden bør formuleringen testes i 9-12 årige børn.
Desuden er ankerspørgsmålene til 11-box skalaen ændret, så de matcher den nye formulering af spørgsmålsstammen. Original formulering af spørgsmålsstammen: Det værste ved at have ondt i nakken, midt på ryggen eller lænden er… Original formulering af ankre:
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Ny formulering af spørgsmålsstammen:
Vi vil gerne vide, hvad der betyder mest for dig, når du har ondt. Ny formulering af ankerspørgsmålene:
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